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4.A【解析】细节[文]理解题。根据第二段[章]I learned abouther life-chan[来]ging organizat[自]ion when Jared's teacher ofthe visually-[知]impaired introduce[嘛]d us to Seedlings[答] BrailleBo[案]oks for Children.[网]可知答案。故选A。[文]5.C【解析】细节[章]理解题。根据第三段[来]A shy woman,Deb[自]ra just wanted to find a volunteer[知] job she could dowithout[嘛] having to talk to anyone.So[答],she signed up for abraille transcrip[案]tion(转录)c[网]lass可知，她只[文]想找一份不用和任何[章]人说话就能做的志愿[来]者工作。故选C。6[自].B【解析】推理判[知]断题。根据第三段A[嘛] shy woman可知，她[答]是害羞的：根据第五[案]段They give half of theirbook[网]s away for free可知，她是[文]慷慨大方的。故选B[章]。7.C【解析】推[来]理判断题。根据最后[自]一段内容可知，作者[知]非常重视Jared[嘛]的读书。故选C。
12.C【解析】代[答]词指代题。根据第一[案]段As a popularsu[网]bject of study among evolution[文]ary ecologist[章]s,three-s[来]pined stickleba[自]ck is known for their different[知] shapes,si[嘛]zes,and behaviors[答] -they can even live in bothseawa[案]ter and freshwate[网]r,and under a wide range oftempera[文]tures.可知，[章]作为进化生态学家的[来]一个热门研究课题，[自]三刺鱼以其不同的形[知]状、大小和行为而闻[嘛]名一它们甚至可以在[答]海水和淡水中生活，[案]并在大范围的温度下[网]生活，故第一段最后[文]一句对三刺鱼可以适[章]应不同的生活条件提[来]出疑问，故画线词指[自]的是“三刺鱼可以适[知]应不同的生活条件”[嘛]。故选C。13.D[答]·【解析】段落大意[案]题。根据第二段Th[网]eresearch[文]ers tracked six populatio[章]ns of the fish beforeand[来] after seasonal changes to their environme[自]nt,usingg[知]enome sequencin[嘛]g.Seasona[答]l changes result in greatchan[案]ges in habitat structure[网] and balance of saltwater[文]and freshwate[章]r,and only those fish able to tolerate theserapi[来]d changes survive into the next season..可[自]知，第二段主要讲的[知]是研究方法。故选D[嘛]。14.B【解析】[答]细节理解题。根据第[案]三段“Thesec[网]hanges probablyr[文]esembleth[章]ehabitats[来]hiftsexpe[自]rienced by stickleba[知]ck populatio[嘛]ns during the past10,00[答]0 years,"says Professor[案] Barrett."We hope togain insight into the genetic changes that may haveresul[网]ted from natural selection[文] long in the past..”可知[章]，三刺鱼生存的主要[来]原因是基因变化。故[自]选B。l5.D【解[知]析】细节理解题。根[嘛]据最后一段In furtherre[答]search,th[案]ey plan to investiga[网]te how repeatabl[文]e theobserv[章]ed genetic changes are,by testing whether theyshow up year after year.Doin[来]g so would demonstra[自]tetheir ability to reliably forecast the evolution[知]ary future ofthese populatio[嘛]ns..可知，科学[答]家研究基因变化的重[案]复是为了预测某些物[网]种的未来进化。故选[文]D。
